λιμένες νηῶν ὄχοι

λῐμήν, ένσς, ὁ,

A harbour, Il.1.432 (here distd. fr. ὅρμος, mooringplace), al., Pl.Ti. 25a, etc.; Κανθάρου λ. a dockyard in the Piraeus, with a pun on κάνθαρος just above, Ar. Pax 145 (ubi v. Sch.): freq. in pl.,

λιμένες νηῶν ὀχοί Od.5.404

;

λιμένες δ' ἔνι ναύλοχοι αὐτῇ 4.846

;

λιμένες τε πάνορμοι 13.195

, cf. S.Ph. 936, etc.: c. gen. objecti, λιμένες θαλάσσης havens of refuge from the sea, Od.5.418, cf. Hes.Sc. 207.

II metaph., haven, retreat, refuge, Thgn.460; ἑταιρείας λ. a haven of friendship, S.Aj. 683;

οὗτος.. λ. πέφανται τῶν ἐμῶν βουλευμάτων E.Med. 769

: c. gen. objecti, λ. κακῶν from ills, A.Supp. 471;

ὦ ναυτίλοισι χείματος λ. φανείς E.Andr. 891

;

ὕπνον.. τῶν καμάτων λ. Critias 6.20

D.;

λ. τῆς πλάνης ἥδε ἡ γῆ μόνη λείπεται D.H.1.58

.

2 gathering-place, receptacle,

πλούτου λ. A.Pers. 250

;

μέγας E.Or. 1077

;

παντὸς οἰωνοῦ λ. S.Ant. 1000

; Ἅιδου λ. harbour of death, ib. 1284 (lyr.);

ξείνων αἰδοῖοι λιμένες Emp.112.3

; βοῆς τῆς σῆς ποῖος οὐκ ἔσται λ.; what place shall not harbour (i.e. receive) thy cry? S.OT 420.

III = ἀγορά in Thessaly and Paphos, IG9(2).517.42 ([place name] Larissa), Gal.Thras.32, D.Chr.11.23 (interpol.).

IV the source of birth, womb, Emp.98.3, S.OT 1208 (lyr.).

ὄχος, ὁ, ([etym.] ϝέχω)

A carriage, used by Hom. in heterocl. neut. pl. ὄχεα, τά, even of a single chariot,

ἐξ ὀχέων Il.4.419

, etc. (so Pi.O.4.13, P.9.11); and in poet. dat.

ὄχεσφι, -φιν, σὺν ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφι Il.4.297

, cf. 5.28, 107, etc.: later also in masc. pl.,

ἐπὶ χρυσέοισιν ὄχοισιν h.Cer. 19

; ἐπ' εὐκύκλοις ὄχοις, of the Scythian wagons, A.Pr. 710, cf. E. Andr. 1019 (lyr.), Supp. 676, al.: also in sg., Pi.O.6.24 (in poet. form [full] ὄκχοσ, A.Ag. 1070, Hdt.8.124, Critias 2.3: periphr., ἁρμάτων ὄχος or ὄχοι, = ὄχημα, E.Hipp. 1166, IT 370, Ph. 1190; ὄ. ταχυήρης, of a ship, A.Supp.32 (anap.).

2 τρόχαλοι ὄχοι the swift or round bearers of the chariot, i.e. the wheels, E.IA 146 (anap.).

II anything which holds, λιμένες νηῶν ὄχοι roadsteads for ships, harbours, Od.5.404, Orph.A. 1200.

2

νεῦρα τῆς ὑστέρης τὰ καλεόμενα ὄχοι Hp.Mul.2.204

(v.l. ὄσχοι); cf.

ὀχεύς 1.4

.

III perh. = ὀχετός, μισθωτοῖς τοὺς ὄ. ἀνακαθάρασι τοὺς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ IG11(2).203 A 33 (Delos, iii B. C.).

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `possess, get(back-), have', aor. `conquer, take (in possession)', intr. `hold oneself', med. `id.';

Other forms: also ἴσχω, aor. σχεῖν, ἔσχον, fut. ἕξω, σχήσω (Il.), perf. act. ἔσχηκα (Pl. Lg. 765a), med. ἔσχημαι, aor. pass. ἐσχέθην (late).

Dialectal forms: Myc. e-ke (= ἔχει)

Compounds: very often with prefix in various meanings, ἀν-, ἀπ-, ἐξ-, ἐπ-, κατ-, μετ-, προσ-, συν- etc. As 1. member in e. g. ἐχέ-φρων, ἐχ-έγγυος, ἐχεπευκής (s. v.), ἐκεχειρία (s. v.); also ἰσχέ-θυρον a. o. (hell.); cf. Schwyzer 441; as 2. member e. g. in προσ-, συν-εχής with προσ-, συν-έχεια.

Derivatives: From the ε-grade (= present-stem): ἔχμα `obstacle, support, defence' (Il.) with ἐχμάζω (H., Sch.; cf. ὀχμάζω below); Myc. e-ka-ma?; ἕξις `attitude, situation etc.', often in derivv. of prefix-compp., e. g. πρόσ-, κάθ-εξις from προσ-, κατ-έχειν (Ion.-Att.); with ( προσ-, καθ-) ἑκτικός (s. also s. v.); ἑξῆς s. v.; ἐχέ-τλη, - τλιον `plough-handle' (cf. καὶ ἡ αὖλαξ, καὶ ἡ σπάθη τοῦ ἀρότρου Η. and ἐχελεύειν ἀροτριᾶν H.); ἕκτωρ `the holder' (Lyc. 100; also Pl. Kra. 393a as explanation of the PN [s. v.]; Sapph. 157 as surname of Zeus); ἐχυρός s. v. From εὖ ἔχειν: εὑεξία `good condition' (Ion.-Att.; opposite καχεξία from κακῶς ἔχειν) with εὑέκ-της, - τικός, - τέω, also - τία (Archyt.); retrograde formation εὔεξος εὑφυής H. (not with Schwyzer 516 σο-Suffix). From the reduplicated present (s. below): ἰσχάς f. `anchor' (S. Fr. 761, Luc. Lex. 15); lengthened forms ἰσχάνω, - νάω (Il.). From the zero grade (= aorist-stem): σχέσις `situation, character, relation, holding back' (Ion.-Att.), often in derivv. from prefix-compp., e. g. ἀνά-, ἐπί-, ὑπό-, κατά-σχεσις from ἀνα-σχεῖν, - έσθαι etc.; σχῆμα (cf. σχ-ήσω) `attitude, form, appearance' (Ion.-Att.; Schwyzer 523); secondarily σχέμα (H.) Lat. schĕma f. (Leumann Sprache 1, 206); with σχηματίζω with σχημάτ-ισις, - ισμός etc.; verbal adjective ἄ-σχετος `not to hold, irresistable' (Il.); from virtual verbal adjectives come also the abstract-formations ἐπισχεσίη `attitude, pretext' (φ 71), ὑποσχεσίη `promise' (Ν 369, A. R.), cf. Schwyzer 469, Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 86f.; here also *σχερός (s. ἐπισχερώ), σχεδόν, σχέτλιος, σχολή, σκεθρός (s. vv.); (not to ἰσχύς). From the o-grade: ὄχοι m. pl. `holder, preserver' ( λιμένες νηῶν ὄχοι ε 404); ὀχός `fest, certain' (Ph. Byz.), further in verbal adjectives to the prefix-compp. like ἔξ-, κάτ-, μέτοχος (from ἐξ-έχειν etc.); ὀχή f. `holding, support' (Call., Lyc., Ath.); to the prefix-compp. συν-, μετ-, ἐξ-, ἐπ-οχή etc. (from συν-έχειν etc.); ὀχεύς "holder", `helm-strap, girdle-clasp, door-bolt etc.' (Il.; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 30, also on ὀχεύω `pounce upon' etc.; cf. s. v.); ὄχανον `shield-holder' (Anakr., Hdt.), also ὀχάνη (Plu.; cf. Chantraine Formation 198); ὀχυρός, s. ἐχυρός; ὄχμος `fortress' (Lyc.), ὄχμα πόρπημα H.; with ὀχμάζω `hold fest' (A., E.); adv. ὄχα `widely, by far' (ὄχ' ἄριστος Il.), ἔξοχα `in front of' (ἔχω 1 πάντων; Il.). Reduplicated formation: ἀν-οκωχή s. v.; also (ἐν) συνεοχμῳ̃?; s. v., w. compositional lengthening: εὑωχέω, s. v. - On συνοκωχότε (Β 218) s. v.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [888] *seǵh- `hold, have'

Etymology: ἔχω, with reduplication ἴ-σχ-ω (\< *ἵ-σχ-ω, ( σ)ί-σχ-ω), has an exact agreement in Skt. sáhate `force, conquer' (= ἔχεται, IE *séǵʰetoi); but the zero grade aorist and the other verbal forms are isolated (GAv. zaēma not = σχοῖμεν, s. Humbach Münch. Stud. 10, 39 n. 12). In Greek the word group knew a strong development; cf. Meillet Άντίδωρον 9ff., Porzig Gliederung 115f. On the other hand in Greek fail the neutral s-stem Skt. sáhas- `force, srength, victoy', Av. hazah- `id.', Goth. sigis (cf. on ἐχυρός). The group is also represented in Celtic, e. g. in the Gaulish names Σεγο-δουνον, Sego-vellauni. - Older lit. and further forms in Bq s. v., Pokorny 888f.

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